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The '''SkyTrain''' is a light rail rapid transit system serving Metro Vancouver, British Columbia. The system runs mainly on elevated track and is fully automated. Stations are monitored by attendants.
{{Accessible}}{{BikeRoute}}
{| align="right" width="360px" style="background: white; -moz-border-radius: 7px; border: 5px solid #005eab"
|-
| colspan="2" |
{| cellspacing="0" style="background: white; border:5px solid white width=100% align=" center"
|-
|[[Image:SkyTrain Logo-a.png|280px|center]]
|}
|-
| style="width="122px"" |
|-
|'''Locale'''
|Metro Vancouver, BC
|-
|'''Type'''
|Light metro rapid transit
|- valign="top"
|'''Number of lines'''
|3
|- valign="top"
|'''Number of stations'''
|57
|-
| colspan="2;" align="center" style="background: #005eab;" |<font color="white">'''Operations'''</font>
|-
|'''Launched'''
|December 11, 1985
|- valign="top"
|'''Owner'''
|[[TransLink]] <small>(1999–present)</small><br>[[BC Transit]] <small>(1985–1999)</small>
|- valign="top"
|'''Operator'''
|BC Rapid Transit Company<br><small>(Expo & Millennium lines)</small><br>ProTransBC <small>(Canada Line)</small>
|- valign="top"
|'''Fleet'''
|350 cars<br><small>286 - Expo and Millennium lines</small><br><small>64 - Canada Line</small>
|-
| colspan="2;" align="center" style="background: #005eab;" |<font color="white">'''Technical'''</font>
|-
|'''Line length'''
|79.5 km (49.4 mi)
|-
|'''Track gauge'''
|1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
|- valign="top"
|'''Electrification'''
|Third rail<br><small>(650V DC for Expo & Millennium lines)<br>(750V DC for Canada Line)</small>
|-
|'''Operating speed'''
|80 km/h (50 mph)
|-
| colspan="2;" align="center" style="background: #005eab;" |<font color="white">'''Network map'''</font>
|-
| colspan="2" role="presentation" class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" |
[[File:TransLink SkyTrain Map Diagram (2016)-a.png|400px|center]]
|}
The '''SkyTrain''' is the regional rapid transit system serving Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia. The system runs mainly on elevated track and is fully automated. Stations are monitored by attendants.


The Expo Line and Millennium Line are operated by the British Columbia Rapid Transit Company, a [[TransLink]] operating company. The Canada Line is operated by Protrans BC, a private company, and is operationally separate from the other lines.  
The Expo Line and the Millennium Line are operated by the British Columbia Rapid Transit Company, a [[TransLink]] operating company. The Canada Line is operated by ProTrans BC, a private company, and is operationally separate from the other lines.  


==History==
==History==
By the 1970s, traffic congestion had become a problem in Vancouver and rapid transit was increasingly seen as a solution. By the end of the 1970s, the [[Urban Transportation Development Corporation]] (UTDC), an Ontario crown coporation, was perfecting its [[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|Intermediate Capacity Transit System]] (ICTS). It was designed to be lighter and smaller (and therefore cheaper to build and run) than a full-fledged heavy-rail subway, but capable of higher capacities and shorter headways than a streetcar line. On May 29, 1981, signed a contract with UTDC for an ICTS system.
By the 1970s, traffic congestion had become a problem in Vancouver and rapid transit was increasingly seen as a solution. Prior to construction and planning, there were plans during the construction of the Trans-Canada Highway to extend into Vancouver and provide easy freeway access through Downtown Vancouver and over the Burrard Inlet towards the North Shore. In anticipation of the infrastructure project, the City of Vancouver demolished sections of Hogan's Alley, a predominantly African-Canadian community, and parts of Chinatown for the construction of the Dunsmuir and Georgia Viaducts. However, the citizens of Vancouver opposed the infrastructure project, citing environmental reasons and the protection of heritage neighbourhoods, as most of Chinatown, Gastown, and Strathcona would be cleared to make way for the freeway, in addition to portions of downtown being demolished for the construction of a freeway right-of-way.
 
In response to the opposition of freeways, the City of Vancouver opted in for rapid transit. Initial planning and studies in the 1970s called for an extensive light rail system weaving around Downtown Vancouver and into other populated areas in Vancouver.
 
By the end of the 1970s, the [[Urban Transportation Development Corporation]] (UTDC), an Ontario crown coporation, was perfecting its [[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|Intermediate Capacity Transit System]] (ICTS). It was designed to be lighter and smaller (and therefore cheaper to build and run) than a full-fledged heavy-rail subway, but capable of higher capacities and shorter headways than a streetcar line. On May 29, 1981, a contract was signed with UTDC for an ICTS system.
 
===Initial Phase===
''Main article: [[SkyTrain Expo Line|Expo Line]]''
 
A short, 1 km section of track/guidway and a station ([[TransLink Skytrain Main Street – Science World Station|Main Street]]) was built and operated in the summer of 1983 as an early demonstration of the ICTS system. This was later integrated into a 15-station line (Waterfront to New Westminster) that was a showpiece for Expo '86. The line opened with a soft launch on December 11, with full revenue service commencing on January 3, 1986. After completion of the initial phase from Waterfront to New Westminster, there were expansion plans for south to Surrey and east to Coquitlam. The extension into Surrey was favored, but it was not without opposition from Coquitlam.
 
Work on the Surrey extension began with a short extension in 1989 further into New Westminster with a new station at Columbia. The line was extended again across the Fraser River to Scott Road in 1990. The line was extended further with three new stations into Surrey to King George, its present eastern terminus, in 1994.
 
After the [[SkyTrain Millennium Line|Millennium Line]] opened in 2002, the initial SkyTrain line was renamed to Expo Line. Prior to that, the line was referred to simply as "SkyTrain," or as "ALRT" and "Rapid Transit" during the planning and construction phases.
 
===Rapid Transit 2000===
''Main article: [[SkyTrain Millennium Line|Millennium Line]] & [[SkyTrain Evergreen Extension|Evergreen Extension]]''
 
Initial expansion plans called for a spur line from [[TransLink SkyTrain Royal Oak Station|Royal Oak Station]] to Coquitlam via Lougheed Mall. This idea was later scrapped. In 1995, Premier Mike Harcourt announced that a street-level light rail line would be built along Broadway and Lougheed Highway to Coquitlam Centre. Not long into the plan's study, the government announced that the line would become SkyTrain line that would run between Broadway Station and Lougheed Mall.<ref>[http://www.translink.ca/-/media/Documents/about_translink/corporate_overview/corporate_reports/history/translink_history_nov_2008.pdf "TransLink History Nov 2008"]. TransLink. November 20, 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2016.</ref>
 
The network expansion coined the name "Rapid Transit 2000" and would later be known as the Millennium Line following completion. The Millennium Line opened in phases with the first phase on January 7, 2002 ([[TransLink SkyTrain Waterfront Station|Waterfront]] to [[TransLink SkyTrain Braid Station|Braid]]) and second phase on August 31 of that year ([[TransLink SkyTrain Braid Station|Braid]] to [[TransLink Skytrain Commercial – Broadway Station|Commercial Drive]]). A short extension to its current terminus at [[TransLink SkyTrain VCC-Clark Station|VCC–Clark]] opened on January 6, 2006.<ref>[http://www.translink.ca/en/About-Us/Corporate-Overview/Operating-Companies/BCRTC/History-of-SkyTrain.aspx History of SkyTrain]. Retrieved May 13, 2016.</ref> The fleet was expanded with next-generation ICTS, now known as Advanced Rapid Transit (ART), vehicles.


A short, 1 km section of track/guidway and a station (Main Street-Science World) were built and operated in the summer of 1983 as an early demonstration of the ICTS system. This was later integrated into a 15-station line (Waterfront to New Westminster) that was a showpiece for Expo '86. The line opened in with a soft launch on December 11, with full revenue service commencing on January 3, 1986. Known as the Expo Line, it was extended a short distance in 1989 further into New Westminster with a new station at Columbia - and extended again across the Fraser River to Scott Road in 1990. The line was extended further with three new stations into Surrey to King George Boulevard, its present eastern terminus, in 1994.
===Canada Line===
''Main article: [[SkyTrain Canada Line|Canada Line]]''


In 1995, Premier Mike Harcourt announced that a street-level light rail line would be built along Broadway and Lougheed Highway to Coquitlam Centre. Not long into the plan's study, the government announced that the line would become an ICTS line that ran between Broadway Station and Lougheed Mall.<ref>[http://www.translink.ca/-/media/Documents/about_translink/corporate_overview/corporate_reports/history/translink_history_nov_2008.pdf "TransLink History Nov 2008"]. TransLink. November 20, 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2016.</ref> The line shares its route with the Expo Line to Columbia Station, where it diverges north and then turns back west. Called the Millennium Line, it opened in phases with the first phase on January 7, 2002 and second phase on August 31 of that year. A short extension to its current terminus at VCC-Clark opened on January 6, 2006.<ref>[http://www.translink.ca/en/About-Us/Corporate-Overview/Operating-Companies/BCRTC/History-of-SkyTrain.aspx History of SkyTrain]. Retrieved May 13, 2016.</ref> The fleet was expanded with next-generation ICTS, know known as Advanced Rapid Transit (ART), vehicles.
A SkyTrain line to the airport, that also served Richmond, was announced by BC Transit Minister Joy McPhail in 1998. He suggested that the new line could be part of a bid for the 2010 Winter Olympics. It was decided in 2005 to build the line through a public-private partnership. InTransitBC, a consortium headed by SNC-Lavalin, was awarded the contract on July 29, 2005 to design, build, and operate the line. Initially referred to as the R.A.V Line (Richmond-Airport-Vancouver) and later named the Canada Line, it opened on August 17, 2009 ahead of schedule and ahead of the 2010 Winter Olympics. Unlike the rest of the SkyTrain network, the Canada Line does not use ICTS/ART technology.  


A SkyTrain line to the airport, that also served Richmond, was announced by BC Transit minister Joy McPhail in 1998. He suggested that the new line could be part of a bid for the 2010 Winter Olympics. It was decided in 2005 to build the line through a public-private partnership. InTransitBC, a consortium headed by SNC-Lavalin, was awarded the contract on July 29, 2005 to design, build, and operate the line. Initially referred to as the R.A.V Line (Richmond-Airport-Vancouver) and later-named the Canada Line, it opened on August 17, 2009 ahead of schedule and ahead of the 2010 Winter Olympics. Unlike the rest of the SkyTrain network, the Canada Line does not use ICTS/ART technology. This was stipulated in the request for proposals so as to not give Bombardier an advantage.
===Evergreen Extension and Network Re-alignment===
''Main article: [[SkyTrain Evergreen Extension|Evergreen Extension]]''


In mid-2013, construction began on the next extension of the Millennium Line. Referred to as the Evergreen Line from the very first plans of the new route, it is now referred to as a mere extension of the existing Millennium Line. When this route opens on December 2nd, 2016 it will add a new station in North-East Burnaby, a new station in Port Moody, and four new stations in the city of Coquitlam to the Millennium Line.  
In mid-2013, construction began on the next extension of the Millennium Line. Referred to as the Evergreen Line from the very first plans of the new route, it is now referred to as a mere extension of the existing Millennium Line. When this route opens on December 2nd, 2016 it will add a new station in North-East Burnaby, a new station in Port Moody, and four new stations in the city of Coquitlam to the Millennium Line.  


October 2016 saw an entire re-alignment of the system. To prepare for the opening of the Evergreen Extension, a branch to Production Way was added to the Expo Line, which caused Sapperton and Braid to re-brand as Expo Line Stations. In addition, Lougheed and Production Way became dual-branded as Expo and Millennium Line stations. The other big change was on the Millennium line, which was short-turned at Lougheed from VCC-Clark - No more Millennium Line trains ran between Waterfront and Lougheed. Because of this, stations Waterfront thru Columbia (excluding Commercial-Broadway) were branded as solely Expo Line Stations for the first time since 2001. This was necessary since it was proven too difficult to have a simultaneous pattern of both Evergreen and Millennium Line trains on the existing Millennium line branch between Lougheed and VCC-Clark. Limited resources and increased demand for the Expo Line branches were additional factors of the re-alignment.  
October 2016 saw an entire re-alignment of the system. To prepare for the opening of the Evergreen Extension, a branch to Production Way was added to the Expo Line, which caused Sapperton and Braid to re-brand as Expo Line Stations. In addition, Lougheed and Production Way became dual-branded as Expo and Millennium Line stations. The other big change was on the Millennium line, which was short-turned at Lougheed from VCC–Clark - No more Millennium Line trains ran between Waterfront and Lougheed. Because of this, stations Waterfront thru Columbia (excluding Commercial–Broadway) were branded as solely Expo Line Stations for the first time since 2001. This was necessary since it was proven too difficult to have a simultaneous pattern of both Evergreen and Millennium Line trains on the existing Millennium line branch between Lougheed and VCC–Clark. Limited resources and increased demand for the Expo Line branches were additional factors of the re-alignment.  


The re-alignment also had an effect on train lengths. It is now uncommon to see a 4-car Mark 1 set and for the first time since before the Olympics, 2-car Mark 2s serve the Millennium Line branch. In addition, the newly ordered Mark 3s and older Mark 1s are strictly allocated to the Expo Line, making Mark 2s the most widespread fleet in the entire system.
The re-alignment also had an effect on train lengths. It is now uncommon to see a 4-car Mark 1 set and for the first time since before the Olympics, 2-car Mark IIs serve the Millennium Line branch. In addition, the newly ordered Mark IIIs and older Mark Is are strictly allocated to the Expo Line, making Mark IIs the most widespread fleet in the entire system.


==Lines==
==Lines==
{|cellpadding="5px"
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center"
|- bgcolor="#38ACEC"
|-
|[[SkyTrain Canada line|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''Canada Line'''</span>]]
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="150" |'''Line name'''
|- bgcolor="#17AA75"
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="150" |'''Commencement'''
|[[SkyTrain Evergreen line|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''''Evergreen Line'''''</span>]]
| colspan="2" align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="300" |'''Termini'''
|- bgcolor="#0000FF"
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="150" |'''Length (km)'''
|[[SkyTrain Expo Line|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''Expo Line'''</span>]]
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="150" |'''Stations'''
|- bgcolor="#FFCC00"
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="150" |'''Running time'''
|[[SkyTrain Millennium Line|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">'''Millennium Line'''</span>]]
|- align="center"
| align="center" |[[File:TransLink Expo Line bullet-a.png|20px|link=SkyTrain Expo Line|Expo Line]] [[SkyTrain Expo Line|Expo Line]]
| align="center" |December 11, 1985
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain Waterfront Station|Waterfront]]
| align="center" |
[[TransLink SkyTrain King George Station|King George]]
----
[[TransLink Skytrain Production Way-University Station|Production Way–University]]
| align="center" |36.5
| align="center" |24
| align="center" |
40 minutes<br>
----
41 minutes
|- align="center"
| align="center" |[[File:TransLink Millennium Line bullet-a.png|20px|link=SkyTrain Millennium Line|Millennium Line]] [[SkyTrain Millennium Line|Millennium Line]]
| align="center" |January 2, 2002
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain VCC-Clark Station|VCC–Clark]]
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain Lafarge Lake-Douglas Station|Lafarge Lake–Douglas]]
| align="center" |31.2
| align="center" |17
| align="center" |36 minutes
|- align="center"
| align="center" |[[File:TransLink Canada Line bullet-a.png|20px|link=SkyTrain Canada Line|Canada Line]] [[SkyTrain Canada Line|Canada Line]]
| align="center" |August 17, 2009
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain Waterfront Station|Waterfront]]
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain Richmond-Brighouse Station|Richmond–Brighouse]]
----
[[TransLink SkyTrain YVR-Airport Station|YVR–Airport]]
| align="center" |19.2
| align="center" |16
| align="center" |26 minutes
|}
|}


==Train yards==
==Train Yards==
* [[Edmonds SkyTrain yard|Edmonds Train yard]] (Opened in 1986)
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center"
* [[Port Moody SkyTrain yard| Port Moody Train Yard]] (Opened in 2016)
|-
* [[Richmond SkyTrain yard|Richmond (Canada Line) Train Yard]] (Opened in 2009)
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="150" |'''Yard'''
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="80" |'''Opened'''
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="50" |'''Code'''
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="50" |'''Lines serviced'''
| align="center" style="color: #FFFFFF; background: #00355e" width="200" |'''Rolling stock'''
|- align="center"
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain Edmonds Operations and Maintenance Centre|Operations and Maintenance Centre]]
| align="center" |December 11, 1985
| align="center" |OMC1
| align="center" |[[File:TransLink Expo Line bullet-a.png|20px|link=SkyTrain Expo Line|Expo Line]] [[File:TransLink Millennium Line bullet-a.png|20px|link=SkyTrain Millennium Line|Millennium Line]]
| align="left" |
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 100/200 series|1984 UTDC ICTS Mark I]]
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 300/400 series|1985 UTDC ICTS Mark I]]
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 500/600 series|1991 UTDC ICTS Mark I]]
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 700/800 series|1995 Bombardier ICTS Mark I]]
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1100/1200 series|2001 Bombardier ART Mark II]]
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1300/1400 series|2009 Bombardier ART Mark II]]
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1500/1600 series|2015 Bombardier Innovia Metro Mark III]]
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1500/1600 series|2018 Bombardier Innovia Metro Mark III]]
|- align="center"
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain Coquitlam Maintenance Centre|Coquitlam Maintenance Centre]]
| align="center" |December 2, 2016
| align="center" |OMC3
| align="center" |[[File:TransLink Millennium Line bullet-a.png|20px|link=SkyTrain Millennium Line|Millennium Line]]
| align="left" |
*[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1100/1200 series|2001 Bombardier ART Mark II]]
|- align="center"
| align="center" |[[TransLink SkyTrain Canada Line Operations and Maintenance Centre|Canada Line Operations and Maintenance Centre]]
| align="center" |August 17, 2009
| align="center" |N/A
| align="center" |[[File:TransLink Canada Line bullet-a.png|20px|link=SkyTrain Canada Line|Canada Line]]
| align="left" |
*[[Hyundai Rotem Canada Line EMU|2008 Hyundai Rotem EMU]]
*[[Hyundai Rotem Canada Line EMU|2019 Hyundai Rotem EMU]]
|}


==Rolling stock==
==Rolling Stock==
===Active===
===Active===
===[[SkyTrain Expo Line |Expo]], [[SkyTrain Millennium Line| Millennium]], [[SkyTrain Evergreen Line|Evergreen]] lines===  
====[[SkyTrain Expo Line |Expo]] and [[SkyTrain Millennium Line| Millennium]] lines====
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="sortable"
{| class="sortable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"
!Fleet number(s)
!Fleet numbers
!Thumbnail
!Thumbnail
!Year
!Year
!Manufacturer
!Manufacturer
!Model
!Model
!A/C?
!A/C
!Cars per set
!Open gangways
!Notes
!Notes
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 100/200 series|001-056]]
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 100/200 series|001–056]]
|[[Image: SkyTrain UTDC 028-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[Image: SkyTrain UTDC 028-a.jpg|128px]]
|1984
|1984
Line 53: Line 198:
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|No
|No
|align=left|
|2
*Introduced for the original phase of Expo line.
|No
| align="left" |
*Introduced for the original phase of the Expo Line
*Feature manual windshield wipers
*Feature manual windshield wipers
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 300/400 series|061-118]]
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 300/400 series|061–118]]
|[[Image:SkyTrain UTDC 067-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[Image:SkyTrain UTDC 067-a.jpg|128px]]
|1985
|1985
Line 63: Line 210:
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|No
|No
|align=left|
|2
*Introduced for the original phase of Expo line.
|No
*Feature manual winshield wipers
| align="left" |
*Introduced for the original phase of the Expo Line
*Feature manual windshield wipers
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 500/600 series|121-136]]
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 500/600 series|121–136]]
|[[File:SkyTrain UTDC 124-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[File:SkyTrain UTDC 124-a.jpg|128px]]
|1991
|1991
Line 73: Line 222:
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|No
|No
|align=left|
|2
*Introduced for the second phase of Expo line. 
|No
| align="left" |
*Introduced for the second phase of the Expo Line
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 700/800 series|137-156]]
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 700/800 series|137–156]]
|[[File:SkyTrain UTDC 138-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[File:SkyTrain UTDC 138-a.jpg|128px]]
|1995
|1995
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation|UTDC]]
|[[Bombardier]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ICTS MK I]]
|No
|No
|align=left|
|2
*Introduced for the third phase of Expo line. 
|No
| align="left" |
*Introduced for the third phase of the Expo Line
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1100/1200 series|201-260]]
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1100/1200 series|201–260]]
|[[Image: SkyTrain Bombardier 218-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[Image: SkyTrain Bombardier 218-a.jpg|128px]]
|2001-2002
|2001
|[[Bombardier]]
|[[Bombardier]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ART MK II]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ART MK II]]
|Yes
|Yes
|align=left|
|2
*Introduced for the Millennium line.
|Yes
| align="left" |
*Introduced for the Millennium Line
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1300/1400 series|301-348]]
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1300/1400 series|301–348]]
|[[Image:SkyTrain Bombardier 323-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[Image:SkyTrain Bombardier 306-a.jpg|128px]]
|2009-2010
|2009–2010
|[[Bombardier]]
|[[Bombardier]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ART MK II]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|ART MK II]]
|Yes
|Yes
|align=left|  
|2
*These cars were introduced in time for the Vancouver 2010 Olympic games.
|Yes
*Feature current Translink livery and interior (includes new seating, LED map, CCTV cameras)<ref>Pabillano, Jhenifer. [http://buzzer.translink.ca/index.php/2009/05/improved-interiors-for-the-new-skytrain-cars/ "Improved interiors for the new SkyTrain cars!"] ''The Buzzer blog''. Translink. 6 May 2009. Web. Retrieved on 04 February 2013.</ref>
| align="left" |
*Introduced in time for the Vancouver 2010 Olympic games.
*First trains in fleet to have LED maps and CCTV cameras<ref>Pabillano, Jhenifer. [http://buzzer.translink.ca/index.php/2009/05/improved-interiors-for-the-new-skytrain-cars/ "Improved interiors for the new SkyTrain cars!"] ''The Buzzer blog''. TransLink. 6 May 2009. Web. Retrieved on 04 February 2013.</ref>
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1500/1600 series|401 - 428]]
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1500/1600 series|401–484]]
|[[File:SkyTrain Bombardier 405-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[File:Skytrain Bombardier 404-a.jpg|128px]]
|2015-2016
|2015, 2018–2019
||[[Bombardier]]
||[[Bombardier]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|INNOVIA Metro 300 MK III]]
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|INNOVIA Metro 300 MK III]]
|Yes
|Yes
|align=left|
|4
* 4-cars long, open gangways
|Yes
* Purchased for Evergreen Line extension
| align="left" |
* Feature a bike section on the end cars.
*First order (401-428) entered service in 2016.
*Entered service August 18th, 2016.
*Second order (429-484) began delivery in September 2018.
*Feature a multipurpose area in the end cars.
*All sets in service by beginning of October 2020.
|}
|}


===[[SkyTrain Canada line|Canada line]]===
====[[SkyTrain Canada Line|Canada Line]]====
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="sortable"
{| class="sortable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"
!Fleet number(s)
!Fleet numbers
!Thumbnail
!Thumbnail
!Year
!Year
!Manufacturer
!Manufacturer
!Model
!Model
!A/C?
!A/C
!Cars per set
!Open gangways
!Notes
!Notes
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[Hyundai Rotem Canada Line EMU|101/201-120/220]]
|[[Hyundai Rotem Canada Line EMU|101/201–132/232]]
|[[File:SkyTrain Hyundai Rotem 111-a.jpg|128px]]
|[[File:SkyTrain Hyundai Rotem 111-a.jpg|128px]]
|2009
|2008, 2019
|[[Hyundai-Rotem]]
|[[Hyundai Rotem]]
|[[Hyundai Rotem Canada Line EMU|LRV]]
|[[Hyundai Rotem Canada Line EMU|EMU]]
|Yes
|Yes
|align=left|
|2
*Used exclusively on Canada Line
|Yes
| align="left" |
*Uses conventional rotary motors instead of linear motors
*Bigger loading gauge compared to Expo and Millennium Line trains
*Trains 1-20 ordered for the opening of the Canada Line
*Trains 21-32 are expansion units ordered for delivery from summer 2019, entering into service late 2019<ref>[https://www.translink.ca/About-Us/Media/2018/February/TransLink-accelerating-delivery-of-new-SkyTrain-cars.aspx "TransLink accelerating delivery of new SkyTrain cars"] translink.ca, retrieved February 23, 2018</ref>
*All units in service by January 2020
|}
|}


==On order==
===Under Consideration===
===[[SkyTrain Expo Line |Expo]], [[SkyTrain Millennium Line| Millennium]], [[SkyTrain Evergreen Line|Evergreen]] lines===  
====[[SkyTrain Expo Line |Expo]] and [[SkyTrain Millennium Line| Millennium]] lines====
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" class="sortable"
{| class="sortable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"
!Fleet number(s)
!Fleet numbers
!Thumbnail
!Thumbnail
!Year
!Year
!Manufacturer
!Manufacturer
!Motor
!Model
!Notes
!Notes
|- align="center"
|(28)<br><small>(7 x 4-car sets)</small>
|
|2021–2026
|(TBA)
|(TBA)
| align="left" |
*Order under consideration as part of a longer term fleet plan
*Replacements for Mark I cars
|- align="center"
|(175)<br><small>(35 x 5-car sets)</small>
|
|2021–2026
|(TBA)
|(TBA)
| align="left" |
*First order to express interest for 5-car trains
*Order under consideration as part of a long term fleet plan
*Replacements for Mark I cars
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|[[British Columbia Rapid Transit Company 1500/1600 series|429-456]]
|(90)<br><small>(18 x 5-car sets)</small>
|
|
|2018-2019
|2029–2032
||[[Bombardier]]
|(TBA)
|[[Urban Transportation Development Corporation Intermediate Capacity Transit System|INNOVIA Metro 300 MK III]]
|(TBA)
|align=left|
| align="left" |
*On order from funding that was put in place June 15, 2016.
*Order under consideration as part of a long term fleet plan
*Replacements for Mark I cars
|}
|}


==References==
==References==
<references>
<references />
 
{{SkyTrain}}
{{British Columbia Rapid Transit Company (SkyTrain)}}
[[Category:British Columbia Transit Agencies]]
[[Category:British Columbia Transit Agencies]]
[[Category:Translink Operating Companies]]
[[Category:Translink Operating Companies]]

Revision as of 00:20, 5 October 2020

SkyTrain is wheelchair accessible.
SkyTrain is a bike rack route.
SkyTrain Logo-a.png
Locale Metro Vancouver, BC
Type Light metro rapid transit
Number of lines 3
Number of stations 57
Operations
Launched December 11, 1985
Owner TransLink (1999–present)
BC Transit (1985–1999)
Operator BC Rapid Transit Company
(Expo & Millennium lines)
ProTransBC (Canada Line)
Fleet 350 cars
286 - Expo and Millennium lines
64 - Canada Line
Technical
Line length 79.5 km (49.4 mi)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Electrification Third rail
(650V DC for Expo & Millennium lines)
(750V DC for Canada Line)
Operating speed 80 km/h (50 mph)
Network map

The SkyTrain is the regional rapid transit system serving Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia. The system runs mainly on elevated track and is fully automated. Stations are monitored by attendants.

The Expo Line and the Millennium Line are operated by the British Columbia Rapid Transit Company, a TransLink operating company. The Canada Line is operated by ProTrans BC, a private company, and is operationally separate from the other lines.

History

By the 1970s, traffic congestion had become a problem in Vancouver and rapid transit was increasingly seen as a solution. Prior to construction and planning, there were plans during the construction of the Trans-Canada Highway to extend into Vancouver and provide easy freeway access through Downtown Vancouver and over the Burrard Inlet towards the North Shore. In anticipation of the infrastructure project, the City of Vancouver demolished sections of Hogan's Alley, a predominantly African-Canadian community, and parts of Chinatown for the construction of the Dunsmuir and Georgia Viaducts. However, the citizens of Vancouver opposed the infrastructure project, citing environmental reasons and the protection of heritage neighbourhoods, as most of Chinatown, Gastown, and Strathcona would be cleared to make way for the freeway, in addition to portions of downtown being demolished for the construction of a freeway right-of-way.

In response to the opposition of freeways, the City of Vancouver opted in for rapid transit. Initial planning and studies in the 1970s called for an extensive light rail system weaving around Downtown Vancouver and into other populated areas in Vancouver.

By the end of the 1970s, the Urban Transportation Development Corporation (UTDC), an Ontario crown coporation, was perfecting its Intermediate Capacity Transit System (ICTS). It was designed to be lighter and smaller (and therefore cheaper to build and run) than a full-fledged heavy-rail subway, but capable of higher capacities and shorter headways than a streetcar line. On May 29, 1981, a contract was signed with UTDC for an ICTS system.

Initial Phase

Main article: Expo Line

A short, 1 km section of track/guidway and a station (Main Street) was built and operated in the summer of 1983 as an early demonstration of the ICTS system. This was later integrated into a 15-station line (Waterfront to New Westminster) that was a showpiece for Expo '86. The line opened with a soft launch on December 11, with full revenue service commencing on January 3, 1986. After completion of the initial phase from Waterfront to New Westminster, there were expansion plans for south to Surrey and east to Coquitlam. The extension into Surrey was favored, but it was not without opposition from Coquitlam.

Work on the Surrey extension began with a short extension in 1989 further into New Westminster with a new station at Columbia. The line was extended again across the Fraser River to Scott Road in 1990. The line was extended further with three new stations into Surrey to King George, its present eastern terminus, in 1994.

After the Millennium Line opened in 2002, the initial SkyTrain line was renamed to Expo Line. Prior to that, the line was referred to simply as "SkyTrain," or as "ALRT" and "Rapid Transit" during the planning and construction phases.

Rapid Transit 2000

Main article: Millennium Line & Evergreen Extension

Initial expansion plans called for a spur line from Royal Oak Station to Coquitlam via Lougheed Mall. This idea was later scrapped. In 1995, Premier Mike Harcourt announced that a street-level light rail line would be built along Broadway and Lougheed Highway to Coquitlam Centre. Not long into the plan's study, the government announced that the line would become SkyTrain line that would run between Broadway Station and Lougheed Mall.[1]

The network expansion coined the name "Rapid Transit 2000" and would later be known as the Millennium Line following completion. The Millennium Line opened in phases with the first phase on January 7, 2002 (Waterfront to Braid) and second phase on August 31 of that year (Braid to Commercial Drive). A short extension to its current terminus at VCC–Clark opened on January 6, 2006.[2] The fleet was expanded with next-generation ICTS, now known as Advanced Rapid Transit (ART), vehicles.

Canada Line

Main article: Canada Line

A SkyTrain line to the airport, that also served Richmond, was announced by BC Transit Minister Joy McPhail in 1998. He suggested that the new line could be part of a bid for the 2010 Winter Olympics. It was decided in 2005 to build the line through a public-private partnership. InTransitBC, a consortium headed by SNC-Lavalin, was awarded the contract on July 29, 2005 to design, build, and operate the line. Initially referred to as the R.A.V Line (Richmond-Airport-Vancouver) and later named the Canada Line, it opened on August 17, 2009 ahead of schedule and ahead of the 2010 Winter Olympics. Unlike the rest of the SkyTrain network, the Canada Line does not use ICTS/ART technology.

Evergreen Extension and Network Re-alignment

Main article: Evergreen Extension

In mid-2013, construction began on the next extension of the Millennium Line. Referred to as the Evergreen Line from the very first plans of the new route, it is now referred to as a mere extension of the existing Millennium Line. When this route opens on December 2nd, 2016 it will add a new station in North-East Burnaby, a new station in Port Moody, and four new stations in the city of Coquitlam to the Millennium Line.

October 2016 saw an entire re-alignment of the system. To prepare for the opening of the Evergreen Extension, a branch to Production Way was added to the Expo Line, which caused Sapperton and Braid to re-brand as Expo Line Stations. In addition, Lougheed and Production Way became dual-branded as Expo and Millennium Line stations. The other big change was on the Millennium line, which was short-turned at Lougheed from VCC–Clark - No more Millennium Line trains ran between Waterfront and Lougheed. Because of this, stations Waterfront thru Columbia (excluding Commercial–Broadway) were branded as solely Expo Line Stations for the first time since 2001. This was necessary since it was proven too difficult to have a simultaneous pattern of both Evergreen and Millennium Line trains on the existing Millennium line branch between Lougheed and VCC–Clark. Limited resources and increased demand for the Expo Line branches were additional factors of the re-alignment.

The re-alignment also had an effect on train lengths. It is now uncommon to see a 4-car Mark 1 set and for the first time since before the Olympics, 2-car Mark IIs serve the Millennium Line branch. In addition, the newly ordered Mark IIIs and older Mark Is are strictly allocated to the Expo Line, making Mark IIs the most widespread fleet in the entire system.

Lines

Line name Commencement Termini Length (km) Stations Running time
Expo Line Expo Line December 11, 1985 Waterfront

King George


Production Way–University

36.5 24

40 minutes


41 minutes

Millennium Line Millennium Line January 2, 2002 VCC–Clark Lafarge Lake–Douglas 31.2 17 36 minutes
Canada Line Canada Line August 17, 2009 Waterfront Richmond–Brighouse

YVR–Airport

19.2 16 26 minutes

Train Yards

Yard Opened Code Lines serviced Rolling stock
Operations and Maintenance Centre December 11, 1985 OMC1 Expo Line Millennium Line
Coquitlam Maintenance Centre December 2, 2016 OMC3 Millennium Line
Canada Line Operations and Maintenance Centre August 17, 2009 N/A Canada Line

Rolling Stock

Active

Expo and Millennium lines

Fleet numbers Thumbnail Year Manufacturer Model A/C Cars per set Open gangways Notes
001–056 SkyTrain UTDC 028-a.jpg 1984 UTDC ICTS MK I No 2 No
  • Introduced for the original phase of the Expo Line
  • Feature manual windshield wipers
061–118 SkyTrain UTDC 067-a.jpg 1985 UTDC ICTS MK I No 2 No
  • Introduced for the original phase of the Expo Line
  • Feature manual windshield wipers
121–136 SkyTrain UTDC 124-a.jpg 1991 UTDC ICTS MK I No 2 No
  • Introduced for the second phase of the Expo Line
137–156 SkyTrain UTDC 138-a.jpg 1995 Bombardier ICTS MK I No 2 No
  • Introduced for the third phase of the Expo Line
201–260 SkyTrain Bombardier 218-a.jpg 2001 Bombardier ART MK II Yes 2 Yes
  • Introduced for the Millennium Line
301–348 SkyTrain Bombardier 306-a.jpg 2009–2010 Bombardier ART MK II Yes 2 Yes
  • Introduced in time for the Vancouver 2010 Olympic games.
  • First trains in fleet to have LED maps and CCTV cameras[3]
401–484 Skytrain Bombardier 404-a.jpg 2015, 2018–2019 Bombardier INNOVIA Metro 300 MK III Yes 4 Yes
  • First order (401-428) entered service in 2016.
  • Second order (429-484) began delivery in September 2018.
  • Feature a multipurpose area in the end cars.
  • All sets in service by beginning of October 2020.

Canada Line

Fleet numbers Thumbnail Year Manufacturer Model A/C Cars per set Open gangways Notes
101/201–132/232 SkyTrain Hyundai Rotem 111-a.jpg 2008, 2019 Hyundai Rotem EMU Yes 2 Yes
  • Uses conventional rotary motors instead of linear motors
  • Bigger loading gauge compared to Expo and Millennium Line trains
  • Trains 1-20 ordered for the opening of the Canada Line
  • Trains 21-32 are expansion units ordered for delivery from summer 2019, entering into service late 2019[4]
  • All units in service by January 2020

Under Consideration

Expo and Millennium lines

Fleet numbers Thumbnail Year Manufacturer Model Notes
(28)
(7 x 4-car sets)
2021–2026 (TBA) (TBA)
  • Order under consideration as part of a longer term fleet plan
  • Replacements for Mark I cars
(175)
(35 x 5-car sets)
2021–2026 (TBA) (TBA)
  • First order to express interest for 5-car trains
  • Order under consideration as part of a long term fleet plan
  • Replacements for Mark I cars
(90)
(18 x 5-car sets)
2029–2032 (TBA) (TBA)
  • Order under consideration as part of a long term fleet plan
  • Replacements for Mark I cars

References

  1. "TransLink History Nov 2008". TransLink. November 20, 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
  2. History of SkyTrain. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
  3. Pabillano, Jhenifer. "Improved interiors for the new SkyTrain cars!" The Buzzer blog. TransLink. 6 May 2009. Web. Retrieved on 04 February 2013.
  4. "TransLink accelerating delivery of new SkyTrain cars" translink.ca, retrieved February 23, 2018
v·d·e
SkyTrain Logo-a.png
Operations
Lines Canada Line Logo-a.png Expo Line Logo-a.png Millennium Line Logo-a.png Millennium Line Evergreen Extension Logo-b.png
Rolling stock Expo Line 1984 UTDC ICTS Mark IExpo Line 1985 UTDC ICTS Mark IExpo Line 1991 UTDC ICTS Mark IExpo Line 1995 Bombardier ICTS Mark IExpo LineMillennium Line 2001 Bombardier ART Mark IICanada Line 2008 Hyundai Rotem EMUExpo Line 2009 Bombardier ART Mark IIExpo Line 2015 Bombardier Innovia Metro Mark IIIExpo Line 2018 Bombardier Innovia Metro Mark IIICanada Line 2019 Hyundai Rotem EMU
Yards Expo LineMillennium Line Operations and Maintenance CentreMillennium Line Coquitlam Maintenance CentreCanada Line Canada Line Operations and Maintenance Centre
Stations
Canada Line Logo-a.png Expo LineSeaBusTransLink West Coast Express bullet-a.pngR5 Hastings St WaterfrontVancouver City CentreYaletown–RoundhouseOlympic Village99 B-Line Broadway–City HallKing EdwardR4 41st Ave Oakridge–41st AvenueLangara–49th AvenueMarine DriveCanada Line BridgeportCapstan WayAberdeenLansdowneRichmond–Brighouse
Airport branch ← Towards Waterfront Canada Line BridgeportTempletonSea Island CentreYVR–Airport
Expo Line Logo-a.png Canada LineSeaBusTransLink West Coast Express bullet-a.pngR5 Hastings St WaterfrontR5 Hastings St BurrardGranvilleStadium–ChinatownMain Street–Science WorldMillennium Line99 B-Line Commercial–BroadwayNanaimo29th AvenueR4 41st Ave Joyce–CollingwoodPattersonMetrotownRoyal OakEdmonds22nd StreetNew WestminsterExpo Line ColumbiaR6 Scott Rd Scott RoadGatewayR1 King George Blvd Surrey CentralR1 King George Blvd King George
Production Way branch ← Towards Waterfront Expo Line ColumbiaSappertonBraidMillennium Line Lougheed Town CentreMillennium Line Production Way–University
Millennium Line Logo-a.png ArbutusSouth GranvilleOak–VGHCanada Line99 B-Line Broadway–City HallMount PleasantGreat Northern Way–Emily CarrVCC–ClarkExpo Line99 B-Line Commercial–BroadwayRenfrewRupertGilmoreBrentwood Town CentreHoldomSperling–Burnaby LakeLake City WayExpo Line Production Way–UniversityExpo Line Lougheed Town CentreBurquitlamTransLink West Coast Express bullet-a.png Moody CentreInlet CentreTransLink West Coast Express bullet-a.pngR3 Lougheed Hwy Coquitlam CentralLincolnLafarge Lake–Douglas